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Q2(ii):
Examine whether the following statements are true or false: (ii) \{ a, e \} $\subset$ \{ $x : x$ is a vowel in the English alphabet\}

Solution :

Step 1: Defining the Sets

To evaluate the truth value of the subset relation, we must first express both sets in Roster Form (listing elements explicitly). [By Definition of Set Representation].

  • Set A (LHS): $\{a, e\}$
  • Set B (RHS): The set $B$ is defined by the property $P(x)$, where $x$ is a vowel in the English alphabet. Thus, $B = \{a, e, i, o, u\}$.

Step 2: Theoretical Criterion for Subset Relation

A set $A$ is a subset of set $B$ ($A \subset B$) if and only if every element belonging to set $A$ is also an element of set $B$. [Per the Formal Definition of Subset: $A \subseteq B \iff \forall x (x \in A \implies x \in B)$].

Step 3: Logical Verification of Membership

We test each element of Set $A$ against Set $B$:

Element in $A$ Membership in $B$ ($x \in \{a, e, i, o, u\}$) Result
$a$ $a \in \{a, e, i, o, u\}$ True
$e$ $e \in \{a, e, i, o, u\}$ True

Step 4: Visualization

a e i o u A B

Step 5: Conclusion

Since all elements $\{a, e\}$ are present within the set of English vowels $\{a, e, i, o, u\}$, the condition $A \subset B$ is satisfied. [By the Principle of Set Inclusion].

Final Solution: The statement is True.


More Questions from Class 11 Mathematics Sets EXERCISE 1.3


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