Hari Krishnan P Ravi

Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy): The primary task is to develop a sense of trust in oneself and others, particularly caregivers.

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Toddlerhood): Children begin to assert their independence and develop a sense of autonomy while learning to navigate limits set by caregivers.

Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool): Children explore their environment and start to take initiative in play and decision-making, balancing the need for independence with an understanding of responsibility.

Industry vs. Inferiority (School Age): Children develop a sense of competence through mastering new skills and receiving recognition for their achievements, fostering a positive self-concept.

Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence): Adolescents explore their identity, including their values, beliefs, and aspirations, while also seeking to establish a sense of belonging and purpose.

Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood): Young adults form strong relationships with others, developing the capacity for love, commitment, and cooperation.

Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood): Adults contribute to society through work, family, and community involvement, finding meaning and fulfilment in their roles.

Ego Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood): Older adults reflect on their lives, finding a sense of satisfaction and acceptance or experiencing regret and despair over missed opportunities and unfulfilled goals.