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Class 12 Tuition > Learn Class XI-XII Tuition (PUC) > why current is scalar quantity but current-density...
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why current is scalar quantity but current-density a vector ?

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13 years experience of teaching Physics & Mathematics.

Current is not a scalar quantity....its a tensor quantity as its direction is fixed. Current density is current per unit area and as area is a vector quantity so is the current density.
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Firstly you should know difference between scalar and vector quantity....your doubt would be clear then....
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Current is the dot product of current density vector and area vector..like work is dot product of force and dispacement vector ....
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We need to understand the concept of scalar and vector in the right sense to get this cleared. For a scalar, the magnitude doesn't change with direction whereas for a vector, the magnitude changes with direction, and that is the reason we need to specify the direction along with magnitude for a vecto...
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PHYSICS MENTOR

It does not follow the law of vector addition
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because it does not obey the triangle law of vector addition.
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Though current has magnitude as well specific direction,then also it is a scalar quantity because current can be added using simple algebra.For any quantity to be a vector quantity ,it must fulfill the condition of vector addition or subtraction through certain laws of vector addition like triangle laws,polygon...
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Though current has magnitude as well specific direction,then also it is a scalar quantity because current can be added using simple algebra.For any quantity to be a vector quantity ,it must fulfill the condition of vector addition or subtraction through certain laws of vector addition like triangle laws,polygon laws and parallelogram law of vector addition.Current does not obey these laws while current density fulfill these conditions. read less
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If I have I1=100*sin(wt) and I2=200*sin(wt-30). It can be added by vector addition. please clarify.
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when you add current it doesn't follow laws of vector addition,so it is a scalar but current density is the cuurent flowing normally through the area, so direction is applicable,hence a vector
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