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Between PH3 (phosphine) and H2S (hydrogen sulfide), H2S is more acidic.
Acidity is typically measured by the ease with which a compound donates a proton (H⁺ ion) in solution. In both PH3 and H2S, the central atom (phosphorus in PH3 and sulfur in H2S) is bonded to three hydrogen atoms. However, the central atoms in these molecules differ in electronegativity.
Sulfur is more electronegative than phosphorus, meaning it has a stronger pull on the shared electrons in the hydrogen-sulfur bonds compared to phosphorus in the hydrogen-phosphorus bonds. This results in the hydrogen-sulfur bond being more polarized, with a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atom.
Consequently, the hydrogen atom in H2S is more easily ionizable (loses a proton) compared to the hydrogen atom in PH3. Therefore, H2S is considered a stronger acid compared to PH3.
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