Answer the following questions: (a) A steady current flows in a metallic conductor of non-uniform cross- section. Which of these quantities is constant along the conductor: current, current density, electric field, drift speed? (b) Is Ohm’s law universally applicable for all conducting elements? If not, give examples of elements which do not obey Ohm’s law. (c) A low voltage supply from which one needs high currents must have very low internal resistance. Why? (d) A high tension (HT) supply of, say, 6 kV must have a very large internal resistance. Why?

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(a) When a steady current flows in a metallic conductor of non-uniform cross-section, the current flowing through the conductor is constant. Current density, electric field, and drift speed are inversely proportional to the area of cross-section. Therefore, they are not constant. (b) No, Ohm’s...
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(a)When a steady current flows in a metallic conductor of non-uniform cross-section, the current flowing through the conductor is constant. Current density, electric field, and drift speed are inversely proportional to the area of cross-section. Therefore, they are not constant. (b)No, Ohm’s law is not universally applicable for all conducting elements. Vacuum diode semi-conductor is a non-ohmic conductor. Ohm’s law is not valid for it. (c)According to Ohm’s law, the relation for the potential isV=IR Voltage (V) is directly proportional to current (I). Ris the internal resistance of the source. IfVis low, thenRmust be very low, so that high current can be drawn from the source. (d)In order to prohibit the current from exceeding the safety limit, a high tension supply must have a very large internal resistance. If the internal resistance is not large, then the current drawn can exceed the safety limits in case of a short circuit. read less
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