Why are pointers used in C/C++?

Pointers are used in C/C++ for several important reasons: 1. Direct Memory Access: Pointers allow direct manipulation of memory addresses, providing fine control over memory and efficient resource management. 2. Dynamic Memory Allocation: Pointers enable dynamic memory allocation with functions like malloc, calloc, new, and delete, allowing programs to use memory more flexibly. 3. Efficient Array and String Handling: Pointers can be used to navigate arrays and strings efficiently, facilitating operations like iteration and manipulation without copying data. 4. Function Arguments: Pointers allow passing large data structures (like arrays or structs) to functions without copying, improving performance and efficiency. 5. Data Structures: Pointers are essential for implementing complex data structures such as linked lists, trees, and graphs, where nodes can reference other nodes. 6. Polymorphism and Inheritance: In C++, pointers (and references) are used to achieve polymorphism through base class pointers pointing to derived class objects. 7. Low-Level Programming: Pointers are critical in system-level programming, enabling direct interaction with hardware and memory management. Overall, pointers enhance flexibility, efficiency, and performance in C and C++ programming. read less