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Q4:
By using the properties of definite integrals, evaluate the integrals in Exercises 1 to 19. 4. $\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos^5 x dx}{\sin^5 x + \cos^5 x}$

Solution :

Given Variables & Initial Setup

Let the given integral be denoted by $I$:

$I = \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos^5 x}{\sin^5 x + \cos^5 x} \, dx$ — (Equation 1)

Step 1: Applying the Definite Integral Property

We utilize the property of definite integrals, specifically King's Property: $\int_{a}^{b} f(x) \, dx = \int_{a}^{b} f(a + b - x) \, dx$. [Per Property of Definite Integrals, P4]

Here, $a = 0$ and $b = \frac{\pi}{2}$. Therefore, we replace $x$ with $(\frac{\pi}{2} - x)$:

$I = \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos^5 (\frac{\pi}{2} - x)}{\sin^5 (\frac{\pi}{2} - x) + \cos^5 (\frac{\pi}{2} - x)} \, dx$

Step 2: Trigonometric Reduction

Using the co-function identities $\cos(\frac{\pi}{2} - x) = \sin x$ and $\sin(\frac{\pi}{2} - x) = \cos x$:

$I = \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin^5 x}{\cos^5 x + \sin^5 x} \, dx$ — (Equation 2)

Step 3: Summation of Equations

Adding Equation 1 and Equation 2:

$I + I = \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos^5 x}{\sin^5 x + \cos^5 x} \, dx + \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\sin^5 x}{\sin^5 x + \cos^5 x} \, dx$

$2I = \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \frac{\cos^5 x + \sin^5 x}{\sin^5 x + \cos^5 x} \, dx$

Step 4: Simplification and Evaluation

The integrand simplifies to $1$:

$2I = \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} 1 \, dx$

$2I = [x]_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}$ [By the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus]

$2I = \frac{\pi}{2} - 0$

$2I = \frac{\pi}{2}$

Step 5: Solving for I

Dividing both sides by 2:

$I = \frac{\pi}{4}$

Visual Representation of the Integrand

Interval [0, π/2] f(x) = cos⁵x / (sin⁵x + cos⁵x)

Final Solution: I = \frac{\pi}{4}


More Questions from Class 12 Mathematics Integrals EXERCISE 7.10


CBSE Solutions for Class 12 Mathematics Integrals


Chapters in CBSE - Class 12 Mathematics


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