Both gymnosperms and angiosperms bear seeds, then why are they classified separately?

Match the following (column I with column II)
Column I                         Column II
(a) Chlamydomonas          (i) Moss
(b) Cycas                          (ii) Pteridophyte
(c) Selaginella                   (iii) Algae
(d) Sphagnum                   (iv) Gymnosperm

Write a note on economic importance of algae and gymnosperms.

Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (ii) antheridium

Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (iv) diplontic

Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (iii) archegonium

Name three groups of plants that bear archegonia. Briefly describe the life cycle of any one of them.

Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (vi) isogamy

Differentiate between the following:- (i) red algae and brown algae

When and where does reduction division take place in the life cycle of a liverwort, a moss, a fern, a gymnosperm and an angiosperm?

Differentiate between the following:- (ii) liverworts and moss

Differentiate between the following:- (iii) homosporous and heterosporous pteridophyte

Mention the ploidy of the following: protonemal cell of a moss; primary endosperm nucleus in dicot, leaf cell of a moss; prothallus cell of a ferm; gemma cell in Marchantia; meristem cell of monocot, ovum of a liverwort, and zygote of a fern.

Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (i) protonema

Describe the important characteristics of gymnosperms.

What is heterospory? Briefly comment on its significance. Give two examples.

What is the basis of classification of algae?

Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:- (v) sporophyll